Confirms #836

This new test was creating an (intentionally invalid) .ruby-version file
in current working directory; typically the rbenv project dir.
Immediately after test runs, I had a leftover .ruby-version file.

The version-file tests create and cd into the RBENV_TEST_DIR as part of
setup(). I'm using the same directory for this test fix, but am only
using it for this particular test. None of the other exec tests seem to
need to be in a temp test dir, so no use putting it in setup().

ensure subcommand exists, then include --help in its completion output

- Explicitly asking for help with `-h` or `--help` exits with 0 status
  and displays help on stdout.

- Not providing any arguments to rbenv results in failure status and
  displays version and help on stderr.

Broken in dcca61c0bc

If `foo` didn't exist and `RBENV_VERSION=system rbenv which foo` was
called, the error message used to be misleading:

    rbenv: version `system' is not installed

Instead, have the error message simply say that the command was not found.

Fixes #770

I was seeing /bin being left.  This patch fixes it by anchoring the search
pattern with ':' on both sides.

The symlinks weren't correctly resolved if they were pointing to a
single path component, such as `ln -s foo bar`.

Useful in combination with `--bare` to list just the unique version
numbers without the extra directory entries that are symlinks to other
version numbers in the same directory.

When `rbenv --version` is called, this now happens:

1. It changes into the directory where `libexec/rbenv--version` resides
   and checks if it's a checkout of the rbenv repo (as opposed to
   Homebrew checkout or something else). Then it reads the git revision.

2. If that failed, change to `$RBENV_ROOT` directory and repeat step 1.

If set by the user's environment, `git config --global` writes will go
to that destination instead of temporary $HOME. We definitely don't want
that.

Fixes #742

This is useful as an indicator where it is coming from.

This seems to have not been merged properly.

A similar issue is with the test for fish, which has been submitted as a
PR for rbenv: https://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv/pull/722.

Commit e2173df4 (for issue #369) did not handle the fish test properly.

This renames it and fixes the assertion.

When we started to support reading `.ruby-version` files, we made a
commitment to not support fuzzy version matching. Treating "ruby-2.1.5"
as "2.1.5" is a sort of fuzzy matching, so we put in place a warning
telling you to remove the extraneous "ruby-" prefix popularly used by
other Ruby version managers to denote MRI. (Their logic is that MRI is
"ruby" and other rubies are not "ruby", apparently.)

However, people are often not able to remove the prefix in their
projects because they want to support other coworkers and tools that
sadly still require the prefix, like RubyMine.

So to restore sanity for a big portion of our users, the warning is gone.

Display the other available ones still.

Fixes https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv/issues/291

In the event that `eval "$(rbenv init -)"` is called from a function named
rbenv (which I do to get rbenv to load lazily in my shell), evaluating the
phrase `rbenv rehash` will cause the outer function to run again (causing an
infinite loop).

This change makes it clear you want the command named rbenv and not a function
which may exist in the environment.

This allows rbenv source code to ship with built-in hooks.

This was introduced when merging the rbenv upstream change
(https://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv/commit/6bb7f07d2d).

It doesn't need to be a bash array and we don't need a separate index of
shims registered. Simply keep everything in a space-separated string and
use that as an index as well.

This assumes that executable names *never* have spaces in them.

Too many of our users have a shell initialization set up that
inadvertently duplicates some or most of the entries in their PATH,
bringing the system paths again in front of rbenv's shims. If this was a
nested shell (a typical scenario when starting up tmux), `rbenv init`
would get eval'd again but this time, shims won't get added to the front
of the PATH and would only stay and the end of the path, effectively
rendering them useless.

I tried to argue that this is a user problem rather than rbenv's, but I
can't fix everybody shell init when they report bugs. Instead, let's
revert to simpler times in rbenv where we just roll along with the
duplication and don't ask any questions.

This reverts commit 03fa148e81.

Fixes #369