`s/2015/2016/`

`default` was made legacy back in 2011 with
5be66da9f4 (the command was renamed from
`rbenv-default` to `rbenv-global`, and so the global file was renamed
from `$RBENV_ROOT/default` to `$RBENV_ROOT/global` (the latter taking
precedence)

`global` was then made legacy about a month later in Sep 2011 when the
preferred filename was changed to `$RBENV_ROOT/version`.

Handles situation when the output is `/bin/shell- args...`. First strip
away the arguments, then the trailing dash.

When invoked from a shell script, `$(rbenv init -)` did not get the
shell name correct.
It needs to look at the `args` value from `ps`.

Ref: https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv/issues/373

The `../libexec` dance isn't necessary here. It was only necessary in
main `rbenv` command because that one might have been pointed to
directly via a symlink.

It doesn't try to chdir into RBENV_ROOT anymore because that might be
a location of an unrelated rbenv install that might have a different
version than the current one that is installed e.g. via a package
manager such as Homebrew.

Now just tries the repo where the source files (`libexec/*`) are
located, and if that isn't a valid rbenv repo, bail out early.

It's only supposed to be set from `version-origin` hooks, but not
inherited from environment in case it was set.

Expose a `version-origin` hook.

It is invoked *before* the traditional `rbenv-version-file` lookup. Because `version-origin` is traditionally run immediately after `version-name`, then any plugin hooks that alter `version-name` would have done so. Thus, running `version-origin` prior to printing the origin gives those plugins a chance to alter the `version-origin` to match.

If any of the hooks set `$RBENV_VERSION_ORIGIN`, then it is used as the return value. Otherwise, the existing logic continues to return "environment variable" or "filename" as appropriate.

This change, in conjunction with the `version-name` hook, makes a clean seam by which plugins can inject their own ruby version setting logic. Using this seam, as opposed to altering `$RBENV_COMMAND_PATH` from the `which` hook, means that the version name and origin are set more reliably and so `version`, `version-name`, `version-origin` and `which` all work as expected. Indeed, even PS1 works now.

Expose a `version-name` hook.

It is invoked *after* the traditional `RBENV_VERSION` lookup. Which means hook scripts can interrogate `$RBENV_VERSION_FILE` and/or `$RBENV_VERSION` (or use the executables).

The hooks are then run, giving plugins a chance to alter `RBENV_VERSION`. Once the hooks have run, we now have (in `$RBENV_VERSION`) the actual version we want to use (or it's empty which defaults to `system` per normal). Lastly, the same logic remains for checking if the version exists, or trimming the `ruby-` prefix.

Prime example: the ruby-bundler-ruby-version plugin can select a ruby by using the `ruby` directive from the `Gemfile` if a local `.ruby-version` doesn't exist.

Fixes #807

Can be used for `.ruby-version` file lookup in the ancestry of a
specific directory. In this mode of operation, global version files
aren't taken into consideration, and the command fails unless a local
version file was found.

fail helper prints message to stderr and exits 1
(prefixes 'rbenv: ' if given a string arg)