Closes #730

Handles situation when the output is `/bin/shell- args...`. First strip
away the arguments, then the trailing dash.

When invoked from a shell script, `$(rbenv init -)` did not get the
shell name correct.
It needs to look at the `args` value from `ps`.

Ref: https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv/issues/373

References #730

The `../libexec` dance isn't necessary here. It was only necessary in
main `rbenv` command because that one might have been pointed to
directly via a symlink.

It doesn't try to chdir into RBENV_ROOT anymore because that might be
a location of an unrelated rbenv install that might have a different
version than the current one that is installed e.g. via a package
manager such as Homebrew.

Now just tries the repo where the source files (`libexec/*`) are
located, and if that isn't a valid rbenv repo, bail out early.

Closes #739

No need for helper function that's gonna be used just once.

It's only supposed to be set from `version-origin` hooks, but not
inherited from environment in case it was set.

Expose a `version-origin` hook.

It is invoked *before* the traditional `rbenv-version-file` lookup. Because `version-origin` is traditionally run immediately after `version-name`, then any plugin hooks that alter `version-name` would have done so. Thus, running `version-origin` prior to printing the origin gives those plugins a chance to alter the `version-origin` to match.

If any of the hooks set `$RBENV_VERSION_ORIGIN`, then it is used as the return value. Otherwise, the existing logic continues to return "environment variable" or "filename" as appropriate.

This change, in conjunction with the `version-name` hook, makes a clean seam by which plugins can inject their own ruby version setting logic. Using this seam, as opposed to altering `$RBENV_COMMAND_PATH` from the `which` hook, means that the version name and origin are set more reliably and so `version`, `version-name`, `version-origin` and `which` all work as expected. Indeed, even PS1 works now.

Expose a `version-name` hook.

It is invoked *after* the traditional `RBENV_VERSION` lookup. Which means hook scripts can interrogate `$RBENV_VERSION_FILE` and/or `$RBENV_VERSION` (or use the executables).

The hooks are then run, giving plugins a chance to alter `RBENV_VERSION`. Once the hooks have run, we now have (in `$RBENV_VERSION`) the actual version we want to use (or it's empty which defaults to `system` per normal). Lastly, the same logic remains for checking if the version exists, or trimming the `ruby-` prefix.

Prime example: the ruby-bundler-ruby-version plugin can select a ruby by using the `ruby` directive from the `Gemfile` if a local `.ruby-version` doesn't exist.

Fixes #807

Can be used for `.ruby-version` file lookup in the ancestry of a
specific directory. In this mode of operation, global version files
aren't taken into consideration, and the command fails unless a local
version file was found.

Confirms #836

Remove leading `:`

update urls to rbenv

Update README URLs based on HTTP redirects

indentation

Add --help and tab completion to rbenv-versions

Extract `fail` helper function

fail helper prints message to stderr and exits 1
(prefixes 'rbenv: ' if given a string arg)

Fix leftover .ruby-version file from exec.bats

This new test was creating an (intentionally invalid) .ruby-version file
in current working directory; typically the rbenv project dir.
Immediately after test runs, I had a leftover .ruby-version file.

The version-file tests create and cd into the RBENV_TEST_DIR as part of
setup(). I'm using the same directory for this test fix, but am only
using it for this particular test. None of the other exec tests seem to
need to be in a temp test dir, so no use putting it in setup().

Handle --help flag for subcommands

ensure subcommand exists, then include --help in its completion output

If subcommand is provided (and exists) and its first arg is -h/--help,
go ahead and intercept the call; redirecting to rbenv-help <subcommand>

This means subcommands and plugins need not handle --help flag
themselves

Without it, it falls back to `--version` being executed as a subcommand,
which works but isn't obvious

- Explicitly asking for help with `-h` or `--help` exits with 0 status
  and displays help on stdout.

- Not providing any arguments to rbenv results in failure status and
  displays version and help on stderr.

Broken in dcca61c0bc

If `foo` didn't exist and `RBENV_VERSION=system rbenv which foo` was
called, the error message used to be misleading:

    rbenv: version `system' is not installed

Instead, have the error message simply say that the command was not found.

Fixes #770

tests: fix path_without to handle /bin properly

add completion block for rbenv-help

I was seeing /bin being left.  This patch fixes it by anchoring the search
pattern with ':' on both sides.

Never use hardlinks. Never.